Thursday, August 11, 2011

Troubleshooting PC Boot-Up Errors

Windows start-up errors are typically generated when you attempt to boot your PC and any of the range of start-up processes are hindered because of hardware failure, software errors, Registry issues or even a virus attack. In some cases, there might be a complete system crash which is best corrected using the recovery CD or boot disk that needs to be created prior to the crash itself.

Common Start-up Errors
There are a range of possible error messages encountered as boot errors, and the following are the most common:

1. Blue screen of death: This is generated when the OS faces vital system issues owing to hardware failure or driver errors, possibly caused by a virus threat. Also called BSoD this is a stop error that halts all system processes to help check and fix bugs before allowing the system to reboot. The best approach to resolving the blue screen is first note the actual errors displayed as well as any drivers mentioned in the error screen. Then attempt to boot the PC is safe mode and then 'roll back' corrupt drivers or restore the system to a previous workable position.

2. 'File not found' and other errors when OS loads: If crucial files or system processes are missing or corrupt during boot-up, a 'file not error' is generated.

3. Corrupt drivers, boot records and partition errors: If an important boot record or a driver is corrupt or missing, the system will display an error message at start-up. This error can be resolved by re-installing the corrupt driver. Alternatively, you can attempt to roll back the driver to the previous version that allowed a successful boot.

Resolving Start-up Errors
Here are some pointers to help you resolve some of the most basic Windows boot errors:

1. Windows Recovery Disks: Recovery disks are an important part of troubleshooting and ideally you must have one handy before any boot error crops up. To create a book disk in a PC with Windows XP, insert a floppy disk and format the drive if there is any existing data. Then copy the Boot.ini, NTLDR and Ntdetect files onto the floppy or download the Windows XP setup disks utility from the Microsoft website. In the event of a system crash you can use the disks to help bypass the active drive partition and launch XP. It might be remembered that recovery disks cannot resolve hardware errors or file corruption and fixing any residual errors is key.

2. Restoring to the 'last known' version of the Registry that allowed a successful-boot-up. Termed as restoring to the 'last known good' this allows the user to use the previous configuration of the Registry which was run before the system was shut down. If you operate on Windows XP, click and type 'Regedit' and then restore the Registry keys corresponding to the HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet portion of the previous error-free registry. This is a good troubleshooting technique to resolve a BSoD or a system hang.

3. System Restore. This is specific to XP-based PCs and allows a complete restoration to a previously saved configuration.

Exercise caution when tweaking the Registry or when making changes to the CMOS or BIOS since any changes to these key components can radically change system configuration. Before beginning any recovery, it is a good idea to boot the PC in Safe Mode so that any system changes do not get automatically overwritten.

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